Parents are all too familiar with the sight of their child’s feverish brow and upset stomach. But while many childhood illnesses are nothing more than a nuisance, some can be more serious. Here are some common illnesses that parents should be aware of:
Anemia
Anemia is a common blood disorder that affects children of all ages. The best way to treat anemia is to give your child liquid iron supplements. Iron helps the body create new red blood cells, which are essential for carrying oxygen to the tissues. Without enough iron, your child will become tired and pale. They may also have trouble concentrating and may look pale or have dark circles under their eyes. If your child has anemia, it’s important to talk to their doctor about the best way to treat it. Iron supplements are generally safe and effective, but it’s always best to get medical advice before giving them to your child.
Roseola
Roseola is a virus that typically affects young children. The illness is characterized by a high fever and rash. In most cases, the illness resolves on its own within a week. Roseola is generally a mild illness, but it can be dangerous for young children who have not yet developed immunity to the virus. The best way to prevent roseola is to ensure that your child is up-to-date on their vaccinations. If your child does develop roseola, the best course of action is to seek medical treatment and let the illness run its course. With proper care, most children will make a full recovery within a week.
Croup
Croup is a common illness in children that is caused by a viral infection of the voice box and windpipe. The illness often causes a distinctive “barking” cough. Croup is typically mild, but can occasionally be severe enough to require hospitalization. Symptoms of croup include a hoarse voice, stridor (a high-pitched noise when breathing), and a harsh, barking cough. In severe cases, croup can cause difficulty breathing and wheezing. Croup is most common in children between the ages of 3 months and 5 years old. The illness typically lasts for 3-5 days. Croup is usually treated with home remedies, such as increased moisture in the air or cool mist therapy. In severe cases, hospitalization may be necessary for treatment with steroids or other medications. Recovery from croup is typically quick and without any long-term complications. However, in rare cases, croup can lead to pneumonia or other serious respiratory problems.
Ear infections
Ear infections are one of the most common childhood illnesses, affecting millions of children each year. Often occurring after a cold or other respiratory infection, ear infections can cause a great deal of discomfort for young children. Symptoms include pain, fussiness, and difficulty sleeping. While ear infections can be very unpleasant, they are usually not serious and will resolve on their own within a few days. In some cases, however, ear infections can lead to more serious complications. If your child has ear pain or is displaying other signs of an ear infection, it is important to contact your healthcare provider.
Pneumonia
Pneumonia is a serious lung infection that can occur after a cold or flu. Symptoms include fever, coughing, rapid breathing, and chest pain. Pneumonia can be fatal, particularly in young children and infants. The best way to prevent pneumonia is to get vaccinated against it. There are two types of vaccines available: the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) and the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23). PCV13 protects against 13 different types of pneumococcal bacteria, while PPSV23 protects against 23 different types. Both vaccines are recommended for children under the age of 2, as well as for adults over the age of 65. Pneumonia is a serious illness, but it can be prevented with proper vaccinations.
Gastroenteritis
Gastroenteritis often called the “stomach flu,” is a common illness in children that can cause vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. While it is usually not serious, it can be deadly in young children and infants if dehydration occurs. The best way to prevent dehydration is to ensure that your child drinks plenty of fluids, preferably clear liquids like water or broth. If vomiting or diarrhea is severe, you may also need to give your child an electrolyte solution such as Pedialyte. In most cases, gastroenteritis will resolve on its own within a few days. However, if your child appears to be dehydrated or develops a high fever, he or she should see a doctor right away.
Meningitis
Meningitis is a serious illness that can be fatal if not treated promptly. It is caused by inflammation of the meninges, the protective membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord. Meningitis can be caused by bacteria or viruses. Symptoms include headache, fever, stiff neck, and sensitivity to light. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential for a successful outcome. If you suspect your child has meningitis, seek medical attention immediately.
Rashes
Rashes are a common symptom of many childhood illnesses, including measles, chickenpox, and Fifth disease. In most cases, they are harmless and will resolve on their own within a few days. However, some rashes can indicate a more serious condition, such as meningitis or Rocky Mountain spotted fever. If you are unsure whether a rash is innocuous or potentially dangerous, it is best to consult your pediatrician.
